Dynamic Conditional Encoding and Feature Frequency Parsing in Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Detection Using Thermographic Imaging

Diabetic patients’ odds of survival can be significantly increased by early identification of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) Thermography is utilised to identify changes in planter temperature because diabetic foot causes planter ulcers. This study uses publicly accessible thermographic imaging data from patients in the diabetes group as to ll as the control group. For DFU detection, both image-level and patch-level thermograms are used. The work suggests an optimizer-based Diffusion Probabilistic Segmentation model (Op-DPS) for DFU identification. The work suggests Dynamic Conditional Encoding, which creates state-adaptive conditions for every sampling step, to progress the step-wise regional attention in DPS for segmentation tasks. In moderate the detrimental impact of high-frequency noise components in this approach, to also suggest the Feature Frequency Parser (FF-Parser). The paper presents a Football Optimisation Algorithm (FbOA) that uses high dimensionality, nonlinearity, and many local optima to fine-tune the parameters of the suggested model. FbOA is based on the strategic balance between exploration and corruption that is seen in football gameplay. The proposed Op-DPS model achieved exceptional performance with a precision of 89.55%, recall of 85.53%, F 1 score of 87.50%, Intersection-over-Union (IoU) of 88.96%, and an overall accuracy of 99.27% on diabetic foot ulcer segmentation tasks. These results demonstrate significant improvements over existing methods, highlighting the model’s capability for accurate and reliable DFU detection. In order to efficiently explore and take advantage of the solution space, the algorithm incorporates short passes, long passes, and positional modifications to replicate players’ tactical placement and movement. Image-level, patch-level, and image–patch combination data are used to generate the findings.