A Structural and Semantic Classification of Phraseological Units in English

This article presents a structural-semantic classification of phraseological units in English, exploring how syntactic patterns and degrees of idiomaticity intersect to form a comprehensive typology. Through detailed analysis of structures such as verb-object combinations, adjective-noun phrases, prepositional phrases, and sentential units, the study maps these forms against semantic transparency—from literal collocations to opaque idioms. Functional aspects such as register, discourse role, and pragmatic value are also discussed, with emphasis on pedagogical implications. The proposed classification aids in teaching, linguistic analysis, and understanding the cognitive and cultural layers of phraseological competence.