The magic of token economy to reduce anger behaviour in ADHD children

Children who experience ADHD cannot be separated from emotional control problems which can lead to difficulties in interacting socially. The problem that often occurs in ADHD children is the presence of other accompanying conditions such as behavioral problems or behavior that leads to anger behaviour. Child with anger behaviour accompanied by raging behavior, easily angered and tend to do things easily acts of violence such as hitting, throwing/throwing things or destroying things. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews, observation, scales anger for children and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). This research uses design small-N with method systematic case study in ADHD children who have levels anger with the medium category. The research was carried out in 3 stages, namely baseline behavior collection, intervention and follow up. The purpose of this study is to reduce anger behavior through token economy intervention techniques. The results showed a decrease in the frequency of either hitting or throwing things applied during the intervention period. The follow-up results show the intensity of the anger behavior, which is increasingly easier to control, and the enthusiasm of the children who underwent the intervention program. This cannot be separated from the good contribution of the mother and the therapist, because on the other hand they also get psychoeducation from the intervention. Anak-anak yang mengalami ADHD tidak lepas dari masalah pengendalian emosi yang berpengaruh pada kesulitan dalam berinteraksi secara sosial. Permasalahan yang kerap terjadi pada anak ADHD ialah adanya kondisi lain yang menyertai seperti permasalahan perilaku atau tingkah laku yang mengarah pada anger behaviour. Anak dengan anger behaviour yang disertai dengan perilaku mengamuk, mudah marah dan cenderung mudah melakukan tindakan kekerasan seperti memukul, membuang barang/melempar ataupun merusak barang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, skala anger for children dan Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain small-N dengan metode systematic case study pada anak ADHD yang memiliki tingkatan anger dengan kategori sedang. Penelitian dilakakun dalam 3 tahap yaitu pengambilan baseline perilaku, intervensi dan follow-up. Tujuan penelitian ini mengurangi perilaku anger melalui teknik intervensi token ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan frekuensi memukul ataupun membuang barang yang diterapkan selama masa intervensi. Hasil follow-up menunjukkan intensitas perilaku anger yang semakin mudah dikontrol dan adanya antusiasme anak menjalani program intervensi. Hal ini tidak lepas dari kontribusi yang baik dari ibu maupun terapis, karena di lain sisi mereka juga mendapatkan psikoedukasi dari intervensi.