Office Blood Pressure and Obesity in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most common inherited form of hypophosphatemic rickets. Children with XLH have an increased risk of obesity, which may promote high blood pressure, but data on blood pressure in XLH are inconclusive. We aimed to assess blood pressure and its determinants in pediatric XLH patients. We conduct a prospective, multicenter observational study of children with XLH in Germany and Switzerland. Office blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were annually measured in 128 pediatric XLH patients with a median follow-up of 2 years (range 1-6). Potential predictors of blood pressure were investigated by Spearman correlation. Seventeen percent of patients were treated with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D for a median of 8 years, 83% of patients received burosumab for 2.3 years with 3.1 years of prior treatment with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D. Median systolic (0.75 z-score) and diastolic (0.32 z-score) blood pressure and BMI (0.72 z-score) were increased compared to healthy children (each p < 0.01). The prevalence of obesity (9.8% vs. 3%), arterial hypertension (26.2% vs. 5%), and high-normal blood pressure (22.9% vs. 5%) was higher in the XLH cohort compared to the general pediatric population (each p < 0.001). Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed significant associations between both systolic (r = 0.24; p < 0.01) and diastolic (r = 0.20; p < 0.05) blood pressure with BMI, while the mode of treatment, i.e. burosumab versus phosphate supplements and active vitamin D, was no significant correlate. Children with XLH present with elevated office blood pressure values, associated with elevated BMI.

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Publication Details

Journal
Calcified Tissue International
Published
2025-03-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-025-01363-z
Primary Topic
Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Office Blood Pressure and Obesity in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia

Sabine Heger, Karl P. Schlingmann, Norbert Jorch, Katrina Evers et al.
Calcified Tissue International
Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
article

Office Blood Pressure and Obesity in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia

Sabine Heger, Karl P. Schlingmann, Norbert Jorch, Katrina Evers, Olaf Hiort, Ineke Böckmann, Ulrike John-Kroegel, Oliver Metzing, Marcus Weitz, Maren Leifheit‐Nestler, Dieter Haffner, Ute Derichs, Annette Richter-Unruh, Mirko Rehberg, Dirk Schnabel, Elmar Schmid, Clemens Freiberg, Elke Wühl, Miroslav Živičnjak, Giuseppina Spartà, Karina Grohmann‐Held, Hagen Staude, Markus J. Kemper, Ludwig Patzer, Désirée Dunstheimer
article en

Abstract

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most common inherited form of hypophosphatemic rickets. Children with XLH have an increased risk of obesity, which may promote high blood pressure, but data on blood pressure in XLH are inconclusive. We aimed to assess blood pressure and its determinants in pediatric XLH patients. We conduct a prospective, multicenter observational study of children with XLH in Germany and Switzerland. Office blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were annually measured in 128 pediatric XLH patients with a median follow-up of 2 years (range 1-6). Potential predictors of blood pressure were investigated by Spearman correlation. Seventeen percent of patients were treated with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D for a median of 8 years, 83% of patients received burosumab for 2.3 years with 3.1 years of prior treatment with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D. Median systolic (0.75 z-score) and diastolic (0.32 z-score) blood pressure and BMI (0.72 z-score) were increased compared to healthy children (each p < 0.01). The prevalence of obesity (9.8% vs. 3%), arterial hypertension (26.2% vs. 5%), and high-normal blood pressure (22.9% vs. 5%) was higher in the XLH cohort compared to the general pediatric population (each p < 0.001). Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed significant associations between both systolic (r = 0.24; p < 0.01) and diastolic (r = 0.20; p < 0.05) blood pressure with BMI, while the mode of treatment, i.e. burosumab versus phosphate supplements and active vitamin D, was no significant correlate. Children with XLH present with elevated office blood pressure values, associated with elevated BMI.

Calcified Tissue InternationalVol. 116(1)
University of Cologne (DE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE), Heidelberg University (DE), Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (DE), University Hospital Augsburg (DE), University Hospital Heidelberg (DE), Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE), Kinderkrankenhaus auf der Bult (DE), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE), University Hospital Münster (DE), Krankenhaus St. Elisabeth und St. Barbara (DE), Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bielefeld (DE), Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE), University Children's Hospital Tübingen (DE), University Children's Hospital Zurich (CH), Jena University Hospital (DE), Asklepios (DE), University of Rostock (DE), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE), University of Lübeck (DE)
Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung
Openalex Percentile: Top 92%
Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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