An exclusive survey on robust controllers and novel optimization techniques for AGC of power system

This review paper addresses several robust controllers and optimization procedures for developing automatic generation control (AGC) in an electrical supply system under various electrical disturbances. Since, the electrical power system is completely dynamic and non-linear in nature, frequent control over power generation is required as per the new scheduled demand. The action that promptly oversees the electricity generation as per the new scheduled demand is referred as AGC. The AGC action mostly relies over several robust controllers for creating secondary control loop in the system. These controllers sense the error signals of the power system effectively and takes remedial immediately to assure stability in the system. The error signals are the deviation in network frequency ( ΔF ) and diversion in inter-area power ( ΔP tie ), which mutually referred as the area control error ( ACE ). The mismatch between net electricity generation and active gross loading is the main cause of the ACE in power system. The several control schemes like, conventional PID, Fraction value ordered PID (FO-PID), Fuzzy-PID, Fuzzy- TID, Fuzzy ruled sliding mode control (F-SMC) strategy, Type-II Fuzzy controllers etc. are demonstrated to improve AGC of the power system. The proposed controllers offer improved efficiency at their optimum state. So, optimization techniques need to be incorporated in the AGC scenario to optimal design several proposed controllers. Finally, this review article has synthesized few simulation-based case studies to validate the efficacy of the proposed controller and suggested optimization techniques. Robustness of the proposed controllers are also examined through several sensitivity studies.