Application of HA theory-based controller and BCMO algorithm in passive and hybrid control of nonlinear building structures with TLCD subjected to earthquake

The present work aims to design passive and hybrid controllers using a Tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) and active control devices to decrease dynamic responses of building structures subjected to seismic loads. The system, including nonlinear components of TLCD’s energy-dissipating force and structural stiffness, is investigated with transient loads. The controllers are optimized using the Balancing Composite Motion Optimization (BCMO) algorithm and the Hedge-algebras theory (HA) to minimize the structure’s maximum relative displacement and absolute acceleration. Design variables are the parameters of TLCD and Hedge-algebras-based controller (HAC). The stability condition of the HAC controller is included in the optimization constraint. Data from the 1940 El Centro earthquake is used as training data, while six other earthquakes are also investigated to validate the reduction effect of the system’s dynamic response. The computational results indicate that the proposed controllers have high efficiency for all investigated earthquakes and ensure the system’s stability.