Changing social roles of men and women due to youth migration in modern Vietnam

Migration is creating significant changes in the social roles of men and women in modern Vietnam. The migration process not only reflects economic development but also shows profound changes in family structure, gender relations and economic responsibilities. This article focuses on analyzing the impact of migration on the changes in the social roles of men and women, based on survey data and in-depth interviews in Vinh Trach Dong commune, Bac Lieu province. The main methods used in this research include a questionnaire survey (N=811) of households with young people migrating from rural to urban areas and in-depth interviews (N=20) of people in these communities to clarify the analysis from observation or available data collection. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods helps to clarify the changes in labor roles, family responsibilities and social perceptions of gender. The study results show that migrant women are taking on the role of the main labor force, while men who stay behind gradually adapt to family care work. However, this change also increases pressure on both genders, thereby posing an urgent need for policies to support and protect migrant workers. In addition, the study also proposes solutions to enhance gender equality, improve working conditions and provide psychosocial support for both men and women in the context of increasing migration in Vietnam. In particular, the article emphasizes that the migration process is not only an economic phenomenon but also a major driving force to change traditional notions of gender. Women's role as the main economic force helps them gain a higher position in the family and society. In contrast, men gradually accept housework and childcare, breaking the rigid gender division of labor model. These changes require flexible adaptation from stakeholders and long-term policies are needed to support this transition in a sustainable manner.