First-Line Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade Shows Promise in Glioblastoma

Major Finding: Anti-PD-1, anti-LAG3, and anti-CTLA4 were administered as a neoadjuvant for a patient with glioblastoma prior to resection.Concept: Immune checkpoint inhibition in the frontline setting increased immune activation and infiltration. Impact: This case study suggests that glioblastoma may be responsive to combination immune checkpoint inhibition in the neoadjuvant setting.