Magnetic dipole moments of the singly-heavy baryons with spin-$$\frac{1}{2}$$ and spin-$$\frac{3}{2}$$

Abstract The electromagnetic characteristics of singly-heavy baryons at low energies are responsive to their internal composition, structural configuration, and the associated chiral dynamics of light diquarks. To gain further insight, experimentalists attempt to measure the magnetic dipole moments of singly-charm baryons at the LHC. Given these developments, we conducted an extensive analysis of the magnetic dipole moments of both $$\mathrm{J^P}=\frac{1}{2}^+$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and $$\mathrm{J^P}=\frac{3}{2}^+$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> singly-heavy baryons employing the QCD light-cone sum rules. Our findings have been compared with other phenomenological estimations that could prove a valuable supplementary resource for interpreting the singly-heavy baryon sector. To shed light on the internal structure of these baryons we study the contributions of the individual quark sectors to the magnetic dipole moments. It was observed that the magnetic dipole moments of the spin- $$\frac{1}{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> </mml:math> sextet singly-heavy baryons are governed by the light quarks. Conversely, the role of the heavy quark is significantly enhanced for the spin- $$\frac{1}{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> </mml:math> anti-triplet and spin- $$\frac{3}{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> </mml:math> sextet singly-heavy baryons. The contribution of light and heavy quarks is observed to have an inverse relationship. The signs of the magnetic dipole moments demonstrate the interaction of the spin degrees of freedom of the quarks. The opposing signs of the light and heavy-quark magnetic dipole moments imply that the spins of these quarks are anti-aligned concerning each other in the baryon. As a byproduct, the electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments of spin- $$\frac{3}{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> </mml:math> singly-heavy baryons are also calculated. We ascertained the existence of non-zero values for the electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments of these baryons, indicative of a non-spherical charge distribution.