Thermal profile analysis of 18650 Li-ion battery module with embedded copper foam in the nanofluid cooling jacket

Experimental and computational studies have been conducted to predict the maximum and distributional temperatures in the battery pack with and without a copper foam layer utilizing a channel flow channel and ferrofluid as the coolant. A set of 60 Li-ion 18650 cylindrical batteries were put through their paces; each one had a voltage of 25.2V and a total current rating of 30Ah. The findings show that the copper foam significantly impacts the thermal cooling system. The increased mixing intensity of the coolant at the copper surface and region in the flow channel that contains the foam sheet improves heat transmission and ensures that the battery pack is consistently at a consistent temperature. With an average inaccuracy of 5.79 % for cooling battery model I and 4.95 % for cooling battery model II, the anticipated outcomes are in fair agreement with the outcomes expected. In Model I, which does not the copper foam, the pack may reach a maximum temperature of 27.4 °C, but in Model II, which has copper foam, it reaches 26.3 °C. As a crucial component of continuing research into different approaches to enhance thermal cooling and heat transfer for the purpose of achieving stable and safe operation, these findings are pertinent to the development of the cooling system using copper foam. This work has been conducted continuously, especially various charging and discharging C rates.