Assessment of the impact of climate changes on the quality of life of the population in the Greater Caucasus region of the Republic of Azerbaijan

The article provides a detailed overview of the effects of climate changes on the meteorological factors (air temperature and atmospheric precipitation) that play a key role in human activity in the Greater Caucasus region in 1991-2020. In the analysis, the climate changes and its effects on the quality of life were studied. It has been determined that anomalies recorded in air temperature and precipitation occur mainly in densely populated and work areas. The research was conducted on the basis of mathematical, statistical and cartographic methods. The conducted studies show that the effects of climate changes in the Greater Caucasus region affect agriculture, tourism, etc. It is also inevitable in the industrial field. Therefore, by conducting mitigation measures in advance and continuous development, conditions can be created to improve the quality of life of the population. Mathematical statistical analysis shows that since the main population of the province is located in the city of Baku, large waste sources that pollute the atmosphere and environment are located here. It was determined that as a result of climate changes, which are considered an environmental crisis, there was a 4% decrease in the amount of precipitation in the general region, and an increase in the average annual temperature by 0.80C. The amount of atmospheric precipitation in this province has reached 6 mm. A greater decrease in individual hydrometeorological stations was recorded in the Absheron Peninsula. The main altitudinal effects of climate changes are recorded in the zone where the population is settled, where there is employment and where fresh water resources are formed. Due to the ongoing extreme heat, water in the rivers is decreasing, which, on the one hand, reduces the possibilities of irrigation in agriculture, and on the other hand, leads to a decrease in water resources in general. Similar declines in snowfall threaten many winter tourism centers and local economies. So, both weak and strong effects of climate changes on the quality of life of the population have been determined. The negative effects of climate change on the economy lead to lower overall well-being, lower incomes and job losses, all of which ultimately lead to lower quality of life. Climate change is already seriously affecting all key indicators of quality of life, and worryingly, with its expected acceleration, this impact will be even greater.