The monarchical period of the history of Afghanistan in the works of N. M. Taraki

Afghan national literature, including the literature of the 20th century, remains an incompletely studied phenomenon, which determines the relevance of the chosen topic. This article examines how the prose of the Afghan writer of the second half of the 20th century Nur Muhammad Taraki, who is better known as a left-wing politician, reflects the most typical features of monarchical Afghanistan in the 20th century. The main works of N.M. Taraki were translated into Russian in the USSR, and the author bases his work on these translations: these are the stories “Spin”, “To Earn”, “Bang’s Wanderings” and “The Trial of Sher”. The main research method was comparative historical – the author compares various events and facts described in the stories of N.M. Taraki with the historical realities of monarchical Afghanistan. The author also uses the method of systemic-structural analysis of literary works of N.M. Taraki. The author comes to the conclusion that the main features characteristic of the politics, economy and society of monarchical Afghanistan are quite fully expressed in the prose of N.M. Taraki – this is the role of the Muslim religion in society, and the difficult socio-economic situation of the lower classes, and the situation of Afghan women, and the beginning of the growth of political self-awareness of Afghans, and the working and living conditions of representatives of different strata of Afghan society (from the peasant poor to the rich city dwellers of Kabul).