The Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence Interventions on Viral Suppression Rates among Adolescents Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa

The HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to disproportionately affect adolescents, with ART adherence serving as a critical factor in achieving viral suppression and preventing long-term health complications. Despite significant progress in ART access, adolescents in this region face multiple barriers to adherence, including stigma, cognitive development challenges, and healthcare system limitations. This review examined various ART adherence interventions aimed at improving viral suppression rates among adolescents living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. The article explored the effectiveness of interventions such as adherence counseling, peer support programs, adolescent-friendly health services, digital health tools, and community-based strategies. Through a comprehensive review of current literature, we assessed the impact of these interventions on adherence rates and viral suppression, highlighting the importance of a multifaceted approach. Findings suggest that integrated interventions that combine education, peer support, and community engagement have the highest potential for success. However, the effectiveness of these interventions is influenced by contextual factors, including the availability of resources and the unique needs of the adolescent population. The methodology used in writing this article involved a systematic review of relevant studies and reports, identifying key themes and assessing intervention outcomes across diverse settings. This review underscored the need for targeted, sustainable strategies that address both the individual and structural challenges adolescents face in adhering to ART, contributing to improved health outcomes and supporting the broader goal of ending the HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Keywords: Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), Adolescents, Viral Suppression, HIV, Sub-Saharan Africa.