Formulation and invitro characterization of tofacitinib citrate emulsion based gel for topical delivery

The transdermal route of drug administration is an effective approach for managing various indications. This study aimed to develop a Tofacitinib citrate emulgel to achieve systemic effects, minimize side effects, and reduce the frequency of administration. Tofacitinib citrate, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is commonly used to treat atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. The emulgel formulation incorporated liquid paraffin, Tween 80, Span 80, propylene glycol, Carbopol 940, and suitable preservatives. The concentrations of liquid paraffin (1 ml) and Carbopol 940 (150 mg) were optimized using response surface methodology with Design Expert 13 software. The prepared emulgel was evaluated for physicochemical properties, including pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content, and drug release. All formulations demonstrated acceptable characteristics, such as homogeneity, color, consistency, pH stability, and effective drug release. F3 exhibited superior drug release among the formulations, as determined by response surface optimization. The findings also indicated that lower concentrations of liquid paraffin and the gelling agent significantly enhanced drug release from the emulgel.