THz Electrically Tunable Polarization Converter via Graphene-Integrated Metasurface

This paper presents an experimentally validated THz metasurface integrating graphene for dynamically tunable polarization conversion. The design incorporates a bilayer gold-graphene structure, enabling electrical tunability without compromising resonant performance. The metasurface reflects a linearly polarized incident wave into a circularly or elliptically polarized wave, depending on the applied bias voltage. Specifically, within a voltage range of 0-12 V, the polarization ellipticity of the reflected wave can be adjusted from -0.94 to -0.5 at 240 GHz, while the polarization angle shifts from -23° to 12° at 236 GHz. With its straightforward configuration, broad modulation depths, and low operating voltages, this device holds significant promise for THz communication and sensing applications.