Orem's Theory in Rehabilitation Nursing: Fundamentals, Applicability and Challenges

The growing complexity of care characterized by increased longevity, greater risk of chronic illness and dependency, with consequent impairment of the capacity for self-care, highlights the need for the expansion of specialized care in Rehabilitation Nursing that allows an adequate response to needs. In this context, Dorothea Orem's theoretical model provides the basis for the Specialist Nurse's practice, underpinning decision-making and reinforcing professional identity. Its application encourages person-centered care, promoting autonomy, independence, well-being and quality of life. Despite its relevance, Orem's theory must be adapted to meet the challenges of rehabilitation nursing care, in a complementary relationship with other theoretical frameworks.