Robustness evaluation of bus-subway composite network considering accessibility

The purpose of evaluating the robustness of the bus-subway composite network is to assess its ability to maintain normal operation under interference or failure. Most existing research focuses on the network's structure, often overlooking critical factors such as spatial information and site accessibility. To address this, ArcGIS and network mapping services are employed to enhance the network coupling method and construct a composite network model. Three types of site importance indices are proposed, direct reachability, inter-site reachability, and off-site accessibility. After simulating various deliberate and random attacks, we analyze changes in robustness indicators, including the maximum connectivity subgraph rate, network efficiency, and network reachability. The CRITIC weighting method is employed to assess the impact of various attack modes on network robustness. The study, focusing on the bus-subway composite network in the core areas of Dalian City, shows that: sites with high off-site accessibility, have the most significant impact on overall network performance. Network reachability reflects the accessibility level of the public transportation system. Network efficiency is most influenced by critical sites. It holds significant application value for the optimization and emergency management of the bus-subway composite network.