Preparation of polyurethane from bendo tree sap (artocarpus elasticus reinw) based polyol and it's potential as adhesive

• Bendo tree sap was explored as a natural source of polyol for polyurethane. • The bendo sap-based polyurethane adhesive showed good mechanical properties. • This formulation offers an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic adhesives. • Potential applications include wood, automotive, and construction industries. Polyurethane-based adhesives are widely used materials in various applications due to their mechanical characteristics and compatibility with certain materials. Polyurethane was obtained from petroleum based polyols, however natural-biomass-based polyols offer sustainability and are more environmentally friendly. Terpenoids are plant-derived organic compounds that serve as a source of diols. The Bendo-tree sap offers sustainable production of natural polyol precursors due to its containment of diol-triterpenoids. This work aims to obtaining bendo-tree sap polyol for producing polyurethane adhesive. Bendo sap is converted into natural polyol using CH 2 O 2 and H 2 O 2 , mixed with PEG1000, and reacted against toluene 2,4 disocyanate to produce polyurethane. The resultant structure, thermal properties, surface morphologies, and mechanical properties were characterized by FTIR and GC–MS, TGA, SEM, and mechanical shear strength test. During conversion of bendo-tree sap into polyol and polyurethane, FTIR show intensity shifts and peak changes while GC–MS show different major residual compound. Polyurethane from bendo-tree sap polyol has urethane group through N H stretching; C = O stretching; N H bending; and C N stretching groups, is still contaminated by hydrazine compounds, get depolimerization at 200 °C, has a homogeneous surface, and shear strength up to 11.70 MPa.