CLINICAL PROFILES OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIFORM EXUDATIVE ERYTHEMA AND STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME IN DENTAL PRACTICE

The diagnosis and treatment of erythema multiforme (EM) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is still a difficult issue in the practice of dentists. It is important for dentists to have a clear understanding of these diseases to provide appropriate care for patients. Materials and methods. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of EM and SJS at an outpatient dental visit. The work was performed based on the analysis of data from the Regional Scientific and Practical Center for Oral Mucosa Diseases, which operates at the Department of Postgraduate Education of Dentists at PSMU. The clinical classification of diseases of the oral mucosa by Professor P.T. Maksymenko (1998) was used to make the diagnosis. The article presents our own clinical observations that demonstrate the peculiarities of the diagnostic process, clinical course and treatment of EM and SJS. Results. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that infectious allergic diseases occurred in 198 patients (6% of the total), of which EM40 (1.1%), SJS 30 (0.9%), Lyell's disease 4 (0.1%), complications of drug therapy 123 (3.38%). Young people (20-40 years old) are more affected, and children are affected in 20% of cases. The disease is more common in men than in women. The key is multidisciplinary diagnosis and early treatment, in specialized departments. Treatment of EM/SJS varies depending on the etiology, mucosal lesions, and the course of the disease. Severe manifestations of allergic reactions in the oral cavity require a multidisciplinary approach to treatment, with the involvement of an allergist, infectious disease specialist, and immunologist. Patients after recovery require dynamic follow-up. Conclusions. The authors present algorithms for dentist's actions in outpatient settings in the diagnosis and treatment of EM and SJS of varying severity.