THE INFLUENCE OF QUADRICEPS-TO-HAMSTRING STRENGTH RATIO ON ACL STABILITY

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common and debilitating sports-related injuries, particularly in athletes. Muscle strength, specifically the quadriceps-to-hamstring (Q:H) strength ratio, plays a crucial role in maintaining knee stability and reducing the risk of ACL injuries. However, the influence of this ratio on ACL stability remains underexplored. Aim: This study aims to investigate the impact of the Q:H strength ratio on ACL stability in athletes, focusing on identifying optimal strength balance for injury prevention and post-injury rehabilitation. Objective: The primary objectives are to assess the relationship between Q:H strength ratio and ACL stability, evaluate differences between genders, and provide evidence-based recommendations for training and rehabilitation protocols. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that a balanced Q:H strength ratio significantly enhances ACL stability, reducing injury risk and facilitating recovery post-injury. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 athletes undergoing testing to measure quadriceps and hamstring strength. Statistical analyses, including regression models and t-tests, were employed to determine the correlation between Q:H ratio and ACL stability. Results: The findings indicate that an optimal Q:H ratio of approximately 0.6–0.8 is associated with enhanced ACL stability. Significant gender differences were observed, with females exhibiting higher risk due to lower hamstring strength. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of maintaining an optimal Q:H ratio for ACL stability. Targeted strength training programs focusing on hamstring strengthening are recommended, particularly for female athletes, to reduce ACL injury risk.