KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARDS HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) VACCINATION AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases. Vaccination against HPV is an effective public health measure, yet the awareness and uptake of the HPV vaccine remain low in several populations. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding HPV vaccination among medical students, who play a critical role in public health promotion. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital from June 2024 to September 2024, involving 500 medical students selected through convenient sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the students knowledge of HPV, their attitudes toward vaccination, and their vaccination practices. Results: The results revealed gaps in knowledge about HPV and its vaccination. Only 23.2% of students correctly identified HPV as the primary cause of cervical cancer, and 31.8% knew that HPV types 16 and 18 are the most commonly associated with cervical cancer. A considerable portion (35.6%) was unsure of the vaccines effectiveness, and 49% had received the HPV vaccine themselves. Participation in awareness programs was higher, with 55.2% of students involved. Cost and lack of information were identified as major barriers to vaccination, with 19.6% of students considering cost a significant obstacle and 52.4% reporting a lack of integration of HPV education into the medical curriculum. Conclusion: This study highlights significant gaps in knowledge and varying attitudes towards HPV vaccination among medical students. While awareness is moderate, there is a need for improved educational efforts and the integration of HPV vaccination topics into the medical curriculum. Addressing barriers such as cost and misinformation is essential for promoting higher vaccination uptake and preparing future healthcare providers to advocate for HPV prevention.