Mathematical modeling and simulations for peristaltic flow of Powell–Eyring hybrid nanofluid (Al₂O₃–Cu/blood) due to complex wavy conduit with Hall current

The peristaltic flow of hybrid nanofluid plays an essential role in medical sciences with important applications, advanced therapies, blood flow regulation and urinary obstructions. The design of various medical equipment, like dialysis machines, artificial pumps and drug delivery systems, is based on the peristalsis flow phenomenon. The objective of current continuation is to analyze the buoyancy-driven peristalsis flow of Powell–Eyring hybrid nanofluid due to complex curved conduit in the presence of Hall current. The consideration of hybrid nanofluid is based on the utilization of human blood base fluid with the interaction of aluminum oxide [Formula: see text] and copper (Cu) nanoparticles. The Joule heating and mixed convection applications are followed. The propagation of complex sinusoidal waves of conduit channels has been considered. The mathematical simplification of the problem is associated to assumptions of small assumptions of Reynolds approach and high wavelength hypothesis. Such assumptions simplify the mathematical model complexity and accurately capture the insight physics of the flow under practical conditions. A complex mathematical system is obtained under certain assumptions which are solved with ND solver. Comparative simulations are performed for nanofluid (Cu/blood) and hybrid nanofluid (Cu–[Formula: see text]/blood). Physical interpretation of the problem is studied. The enhancement of heat transfer due to the Grashof parameter and Weissenberg number has been examined which is more impressive for hybrid nanofluid as compared to [Formula: see text]/blood-based nanofluid. A reduction in trapping phenomenon has been noticed due to variation of Weissenberg constant which is more exclusive for hybrid nanofluid.