Synthesis of Biodiesel Through Transesterification of Non-Palatable Oil and Its Physicochemical Parameters Determining Biodiesel Quality

Owing to the ecological difficulties instigated by the use of petroleum, significant consideration has been given to biodiesel manufacture as a substitute. Biofuel is a degradable and environmentally friendly substitute for diesel oil produced from renewable sources such as vegetable oil, animal fats, and vegetable oils. They are a renewable source of energy, which appears to be a perfect way out for international energy difficulties. The common technique to yield biofuel is the trans-esterification process of nonpalatable oil in conjunction with an alcohol, usually methanol, accompanied by a catalyst, which could be a base or an acid. The trans-esterification process is relatively delicate to numerous factors such as the viscosity, time, and temperature of the reaction, density, flash point, etc. This paper review defines the manufacturing procedure, which is commonly known as the trans-esterification process, several alternatives of nonpalatable oils as a considerable source of raw material, and a crucial parameter that defines the quality of a given biodiesel.