Assessment of the Interplay of Various Factors in Port Governance: Development of the Theoretical Framework

Port governance plays a pivotal role in shaping global trade efficiency, sustainability, and resilience. This study develops a comprehensive framework integrating political, environmental, economic, risk-related, and change-oriented dimensions to address the complexities of modern port management. By synthesizing institutional theory and contemporary governance challenges, the framework provides actionable insights for achieving sustainability, operational adaptability, and stakeholder collaboration. The study highlights such critical constructs as political stability, environmental management, and leadership, offering a structured approach for empirical evaluation through a questionnaire tool. While advancing theoretical understanding, this work also identifies limitations and proposes future research directions to refine port governance models and address emerging global challenges.