Male Infertility at the University Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Epidemiological, Clinical and Paraclinical Profile of 278 Cases

Context: Infertility is a public health problem. Although in our society, infertility is usually attributed to the female gender, current knowledge also incriminates the male. Few studies have looked at the male profile in particular. The aim of our study is to investigate the profile of male infertility during the campaign initiated in the Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine of the University Teaching Hospital of Bogodogo (UTH-B) to recruit hypofertile couples with a view to inaugurating assisted reproduction activities. Objective: To study the profile of male infertility in a cohort of hypofertile couples in the city of Ouagadougou from December 2022 to June 2023. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Ouagadougou from December 2022 to June 2023 among patients consulting for hypofertility in the Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Department of the Bogodogo University Teaching Hospital. Results: The prevalence of male infertility was estimated at 71.28%. The mean age was 42.78 years, with extremes ranging from 26 to 63 years. The 45-50 age group was the most represented. Primary infertility accounted for 73.50% versus 26.50% for secondary infertility. Causes of quantitative sperm origin were the most common, namely oligospermia (17.16%) and azoospermia (16.79%), followed by qualitative abnormalities such as morphology (12.68%) and motility (11.56%). Oligospermia, asthenospermia and teratospermia (OATS) were associated in 47 patients (17.54%), and oligospermia and asthenospermia in 27 patients (10.07%). Associated factors were age, alcohol and tobacco consumption, BMI and high-risk professions (baker, gold digger and driver). Conclusion: Men are also responsible for more than 50% of couples’ hypofertility, and there are a variety of causes, with well-identified risk factors. A careful approach is essential to ensure that the couple receives adequate and appropriate care.