Interface metallurgical characteristics of dissimilar friction welded steels

Abstract In this study, dissimilar alloys were joined by friction welding using different speeds. The microstructure characteristics in the joints were inspected by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The FW was well-suited for joining various steels and alloys. At high rotational speeds and a set pressure, corona bonding initiated at the outer edge of the friction interface and propagated toward the center. In the IPF map, the color of each grain corresponded to its crystallographic orientation, as illustrated by the stereographic triangle: red indicated the {001} orientation, blue represented the {111} orientation, and green denoted the {101} orientation.