MECHANOCHEMICALLY SYNTHESISED SUPRAMOLECULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Physicochemical and pharmacological properties of mechanochemically synthesised supramolecular systems/complexes of the guest-host type have been studied at the institutes of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with Chinese Zhejiang University of Technology. The guest is a molecule of a medicinal substance, and the host is a carrier particle - a macromolecule of polysaccharide, saponine micelle, silicon dioxide particle, etc. The strengthening of the pharmacological effect of such structures is achieved by increasing the water-solubility and trans-membrane permeability of drug molecules. The most effective hosts among the studied carriers are plant metabolites - glycyrrhizic acid and its salts, as well as polysaccharide arabinogalactan from Larix Siberica wood. An original solid-phase mechanochemical technology has been developed to obtain water-soluble supramolecular systems from the solid dispersions of components. In this case, supramolecular systems are formed in the process of solid-phase synthesis, or by dissolving the obtained dispersions in aqueous media. As a result of studies of a large number of widely used drugs of various pharmacological classes, it has been shown that the inclusion of drug molecules in these supramolecular systems can significantly increase the bioavailability, effectiveness and safety of their action and reduce the effective therapeutic dose of drugs significantly (by a factor of 2-150), and decrease (down to complete disappearance in some cases) harmful side effects. In this paper we give a brief overview of the studies carried out mainly over the last 10 years.