Problems and prospects of legal regulation of labor of convicts

The article analyzes the current state, main problems, and prospects for the development of labor rights of convicts. It is noted that in Ukrainian legislation, the labor of convicts is defined as «the right to participate in labor activities.» In penitentiary theory, the labor of convicts is seen as an effective tool for correction, a means of personal development, and a way to facilitate resocialization and manage the behavior of individuals serving sentences. The article lists international and national regulatory legal acts that regulate the labor rights of convicts, including departmental documents. The main principles of organizing the labor of convicts are identified as voluntariness, fair payment, social protection, rehabilitation orientation, and vocational training. It is stated that the labor of convicts significantly differs from the labor activities of ordinary citizens due to regulated restrictions; however, it remains an important component of the resocialization system. Proper organization of labor activities contributes to the formation of positive changes in convicts that are necessary for their reintegration into society. Labor is viewed as a means of developing useful labor skills for successful adaptation after release. It promotes resocialization, supports the physical and psychological condition of convicts, and prevents negative consequences of imprisonment. The article emphasizes that proper organization of labor in correctional institutions can significantly affect the lives of convicts, facilitating their social reintegration and reducing recidivism. At the same time, key problems in the realization of the labor rights of convicts are highlighted: low wages, limited employment opportunities, inadequate social insurance mechanisms, and the absence of a systematic approach to vocational education. Additionally, there is insufficient activity from non-governmental organizations regarding monitoring labor conditions and protecting the rights of convicts. These factors significantly complicate the realization of labor rights, violate labor safety standards, and hinder equal access for convicts to labor activities. It is stated that the labor of convicts significantly differs from the labor activities of ordinary citizens due to regulated restrictions; however, it remains an important component of the resocialization system. Proper organization of labor activities contributes to the formation of positive changes in convicts that are necessary for their reintegration into society. Labor is viewed as a means of developing useful labor skills for successful adaptation after release. It promotes resocialization, supports the physical and psychological condition of convicts, and prevents negative consequences of imprisonment. The article emphasizes that proper organization of labor in correctional institutions can significantly affect the lives of convicts, facilitating their social reintegration and reducing recidivism. At the same time, key problems in the realization of the labor rights of convicts are highlighted: low wages, limited employment opportunities, inadequate social insurance mechanisms, and the absence of a systematic approach to vocational education. Additionally, there is insufficient activity from non-governmental organizations regarding monitoring labor conditions and protecting the rights of convicts. These factors significantly complicate the realization of labor rights, violate labor safety standards, and hinder equal access for convicts to labor activities.