Language changes during the war: actualization of nationally connotated vocabulary

During the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, which began in 2022, we are observing dynamic changes in the lexical-semantic system of the Ukrainian language. In response to the attempt to de-Nazify and demilitarize the population of Ukraine, the words associated with the name of Stepan Bandera started being actively used in the language. Firstly, the last name of Stepan Bandera began to be used in various contexts because he is one of the leading ideologues and theoreticians of the Ukrainian nationalist movement of the 20th century. The stereotype of a hostile, negative perception of Stepan Bandera imposed in modern Ukrainian society (we assume that in the world community as well) by Soviet propaganda is undergoing a radical rethinking. The linguistic reflection of such sociodynamics was realised through the search for and active use of nationally connoted vocabulary and the involvement of its bases in semantic and word-formation processes. During the events of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, we trace innovative processes aimed at expanding the compatibility of the adjective Bandera. The renewal and enrichment of its semantic range and stylistic functioning testify to the implementation of nationally and culturally determined motivational models of neosemantisms. We can trace the use of the adjective Bandera with semantic connotations relevant to our time: ‘national’, ‘specific, Ukrainian’, ‘filling with feelings of national dignity’, ‘inspiring decisive action’, ‘Galician, associated with Western Ukraine’, etc. Important linguistic facts of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022 include the active use of the adjective Bandera to describe Ukrainian dishes, drinks, confectionery, various patriotic groups, place names, etc. In advertising texts, manufacturers often emphasise that the products have nationalist names and are intended to raise the morale of Ukrainians and bring victory closer. The morphemic structure of derivative units based on the noun Bandera is implicitly aimed at awakening and asserting national character, inspiring victory. Therefore, a nest of cognates is formed around this base, the semantic content of which reflects the con- notations of positive evaluation, elevated emotional perception, associative links with the manifestation of patriotism and national pride.