Critical Success Factors for Enhancing Intelligent Loading and Unloading in Urban Supply Chains: A Comprehensive Approach Based on Fuzzy DEMATEL-AISM-MICMAC

With the development of the smart logistics industry, the demand for intelligent loading and unloading (ILU) within urban supply chains (USCs) is increasing. However, few studies have examined the critical success factors (CSFs) for enhancing ILU in USCs. This study establishes a CSF model to support ILU improvement. Specifically, it integrates stakeholder theory, resource-based view theory, and innovation diffusion theory. Through research conducted in collaboration with 16 logistics industry specialists in Korea, 19 critical factors were identified. Fuzzy DEMATEL and the Adversarial Interpretive Structure Model (AISM) were then applied to analyze the identified factors. The results indicate that stakeholder collaboration, government support, and regulatory compliance are the most important factors affecting ILU improvement within USCs. Finally, cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis further verifies that these factors have a high driving power and low dependence, making them independent driving factors of the entire system. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the role of market research and automated system design. This work contributes to the knowledge on the intelligent logistics management of supply chains.