Impact of dairy farming on socio-economic development and rural empowerment in Anakapalli district, Andhra Pradesh

Dairy farming is a key contributor to rural livelihoods, offering economic stability, employment, and nutritional security. This study evaluates its effect on poverty alleviation and socioeconomic development in the Anakapalli District, Andhra Pradesh, focusing on income generation, employment, and gender equity. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating surveys and semi-structured interviews with 275 dairy farmers. Stratified random sampling ensured representation across gender, land ownership, and herd size. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation models, while qualitative insights were thematically synthesized. The results indicate that land ownership significantly influences profitability, with land-owning farmers earning an average monthly revenue of ₹ 18,756 compared to ₹ 13,456 for landless farmers. Herd size positively correlates with income (r = 0.46 for cows), while gender discrepancies persist, with women facing restricted access to credit and land. Family involvement enhances productivity but, often affecting children’s education. Limited financial access remains a major challenge, with only 46% of farmers obtaining credit. This study emphasizes the need for policy interventions to strengthen the role of dairy farming in sustainable rural development, including gender-inclusive financial access, subsidized credit, and cooperative models. By removing these obstacles, dairy farming can maximize its contribution to long-term rural resilience, and socioeconomic equity.