The NADPH Oxidases (NOX) Gene Family Expression and Genome-Wide Characterization in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

This study aimed to identify and characterize the NADPH oxidases (NOX) gene family in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to understand its role in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Using bioinformatic tools, the NOX gene family members were identified and analyzed for their molecular weights, isoelectric points, amino acid numbers, and evolutionary relationships. Segmental duplication analysis and phylogenetic studies were conducted using NOX genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, Cicer arietinum, Oryza sativa, and Glycine max. The results revealed nine Phvul-NOX proteins in the common bean genome, with molecular weights ranging from 92940.09 to 105660.24 kDa, isoelectric points from 7.86 to 9.36, and amino acid numbers from 823 to 946. Segmental duplication was observed in Phvul-NOX-1/Phvul-NOX-3, Phvul-NOX-2/Phvul-NOX-8, and Phvul-NOX-5/Phvul-NOX-6 gene pairs, and purifying selection was identified throughout the evolutionary process. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the NOX genes into three main clades, and a synteny map between A. thaliana and P. vulgaris was constructed. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of the NOX gene family in the common bean, offering valuable insights for future functional genomics research and potential applications in enhancing stress tolerance and crop productivity.