Flow and heat transfer mechanism of wall mode in Rayleigh-Bénard convection under strong magnetic fields

Understanding the physics of wall mode in Rayleigh-B\'enard convection under intense magnetic field is critical for heat transfer designs. This study reveals the flow and thermal behaviors of wall mode, uncovering how magnetic intensity, temperature difference, and aspect ratio affect fluid dynamics. The volume of wall modes plays an important role in heat transport, while the hot and cold wall surfaces with no-slip condition triggers reverse flows. These findings provide new insights into the heat transfer design of magnetohydrodynamics.