Dynamics of socio-economic attitudes of Russians under the conditions of the SWO: sociological measurement

The article presents a sociological analysis of the key indicators characterising the dynamics of socio-economic attitudes of Russians during the special military operation. The empirical base of the study is the data of sociological monitoring ‘How are you, Russia?’, conducted by the Institute of Socio-Political Research of FCTAS RAS, for 2022 and 2024. The author's model of sociological research includes the study of the structure of public anxieties, the nature of relations between the state and society in the context of the implementation of socio-economic transformations, the features of deprivation and citizens' assessments of their own financial situation. It was found that during the period under study there was a partial redistribution of priority fears for Russians. The importance of security problems at various levels has increased, while at the same time a decrease in the importance of economic threats has been noted against the background of an increase in citizens' assessment of the effectiveness of state policy in the sphere of economic transformation. Despite the decrease in significance, economic worries remain in the lead, forcing citizens to resort to self-restraint. The factor analysis allowed us to identify the key components describing the nature of citizens' deprivations. The first factor was restrictions related to vital needs. Russians tried not to save money to satisfy these needs. The second factor includes social needs of citizens, the temporary restriction of which did not cause significant changes in their life activities. Statistical analysis showed stabilisation of the material situation of the population with a decrease in the poverty rate. As a positive trend, the growth of money wealth of the middle class was recorded as a result of increased labour motivation. The results obtained can be used to adjust the state social policy and develop measures to maintain social stability in crisis conditions.