A Strain-Based Method to Estimate Rolling Tire Grounding Parameters and Vertical Force

The tire grounding parameters are a crucial component of the vehicle dynamics control system; accurate acquisition of grounding parameters is important for improving traction, braking force, and handling stability during vehicle operation. This paper studies strain-based intelligent tire contact patch length and vertical force estimation; first, a 205/55R16 radial tire was established, and static grounding experiments were carried out to verify the validity of the finite element model. Second, the sensitivity of the circumferential strain signal of the inner liner in the contact area of a tire with complex tread patterns was discussed. Methods for estimating the contact angle and contact patch length of rolling tires were established, and the estimation accuracy under different tire parameters and operating conditions were analyzed. Finally, the vertical force-sensitive response characteristics were analyzed and extracted, and the vertical force prediction model of a radial tire based on particle swarm optimization BP neural network was established.