Ionization Energies from Classical Force Balance: Calcium-like Uranium and Below
We examine a proposed modification (Mod 1 for short) to the Grand Unified Theory of Classical Physics (GUTCP) in which instead of orbitals holding two indistinguishable electrons, each electron has a distinct radius. The technique of creating a force balance equation for each electron in turn, from the inner to the outermost, is extended from Helium (and 2-electron ions such as Li+) and Lithium (and 3-electron ions such as Be+) up to Calcium and Ca-like ions. We release a public domain program to solve the force balance equations which are populated with force terms from GUTCP. We also compare our computations to NIST data in a provided spreadsheet.
Authors
- David L. Selke
Institutions
- October University of Modern Sciences and Arts (EG)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal of Applied Physics
- Published
- 2025-03-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.24018/ejphysics.2025.7.2.369
- Primary Topic
- History and advancements in chemistry
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00