The Influence of Theoretical Integration Strategy on Self-Management Behavior in Middle-Aged and Young Stroke Patients

Objective To explore the impact of empowerment interventions based on cross-theory models on self-management behavior, self-efficacy, and daily living abilities in middle-aged and young stroke patients. Methods A single-blind randomized controlled trial design was adopted, selecting 10 4 middle-aged and young stroke patients hospitalized in four neurology departments at a tertiary hospital in Xian from April to October 2023 as the study subjects. The patients were randomly divided into an intervention group of 52 cases and a control group of 52 cases. The control group received routine care, while the intervention group received empowerment interventions based on cross-theory models in addition to routine care. Changes in self-management behavior, self-efficacy, and daily living abilities were assessed at baseline, 1-month post-intervention, 3 months post-intervention, and 6 months post-intervention. Results A total of 101 middle-aged and young stroke patients participated in the study. At 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-intervention, there were statistically significant differences in self-management behavior between the two groups (F=77.048, P<0.001), with a significant interaction effect between intervention methods and timing factors (F=19.714, P<0.001). At 3 months and 6 months post-intervention, there were statistically significant differences in each stage of self-management behavior between the two groups (P<0.05). At 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in self-efficacy or daily living abilities between the two groups (P>0.05) Compared with the baseline, all differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The self-efficacy and daily living ability scores at each time point before and after intervention within different groups were also statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Empowerment interventions based on cross-theory models can improve self-management behaviors in middle-aged and young stroke patients, enhancing their self-efficacy and daily activity capabilities. These findings can provide a reference for developing personalized intervention strategies and improving care plans for stroke patients.