Vulgar Psoriasis Triggered by Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report and Literature Review Highlighting Immunological Interactions and Genetic Susceptibility

<b>Introduction:</b> About one in four people show an immunological reaction to an infection with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, which can remain latent or lead to active forms of the disease. Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disease that can be associated with numerous comorbidities. Biologic therapies have revolutionized psoriasis treatment but carry the risk of reactivating latent tuberculosis infection. However, the link between tuberculosis as a triggering factor for the onset of psoriasis remains unknown. <b>Clinical Case:</b> We present the case of a patient initially diagnosed with secondary pulmonary tuberculosis, who, two months after the diagnosis, showed a remarkable clinical evolution by developing lesions consistent with vulgar psoriasis, necessitating a multidisciplinary treatment approach. <b>Discussions:</b> This unique case highlights the shared immune mechanism of these diseases, particularly involving TNF-α, IL-17, and CD4+ T cells. <b>Conclusions:</b> The coexistence of these conditions raises critical questions about the interplay between infectious and autoimmune diseases and the impact of genetic susceptibility.