Detection of Parvovirus B19 in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease

Background: Dialysis patients are more vulnerable to viral infections, including Human Parvovirus B19, which is the only human pathogenic parvovirus. It is highly erythrotropic and preferentially replicates in erythroid progenitor cells. Parvovirus B19 is associated with kidney disease in three settings: Acute glomerulopathy, anaemia in end-stage renal disease, and kidney transplantation. This study aimed to detect parvovirus B19 infection among individuals undergoing dialysis. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in Kirkuk from April 4 to November 11, 2023. This involved patients with chronic renal failure admitted to Kirkuk Teaching Hospital/Haemodialysis Center. A questionnaire was used to collect clinical data such as age, gender, body mass index, and medical history. Molecular detection of parvovirus B19 was done using Real-time PCR.Results: The study involved a predominance of male patients (75%) compared to females (25%). Most patients were 60 years or older (45%). In terms of Body mass index, the majority fell into the 20-25 range. Patients with chronic renal failure frequently reported hypertension (60%), followed by diabetes mellitus (28.33%), and cardiovascular disease (11.66%). Results highlighted a significant increase in Parvovirus B19 infection rates with prolonged dialysis, and RT-PCR detected Parvovirus B19 in 18.3% of patients.Conclusion: Parvovirus B19 was detected in end-stage renal disease and could significantly contribute to the development and progression of the disease.