Iron deficiency states in metabolically burdened women in the pregravid period

Anemia is the most common health problem, especially among women. Iron deficiency affects approximately 4 billion people on the planet (more than 60% of the world’s population), and iron-deficiency anemia is diagnosed in almost 2 billion people. Regardless of age, the most common causes of decreased hemoglobin are iron and folate deficiency. The systemic effects of anemia of any etiology can lead to a significant deterioration in the quality of life of patients. The etiology of each deficiency condition may differ at different periods of a woman’s life, but for women of reproductive age, the significance of the clinical consequences of anemia is greatest, since the adverse effects of deficiency not only affect their body, but can also affect pregnancy outcomes and the health of newborns. Iron deficiency is one of the comorbidities in obese patients, which allows us to distinguish a special phenotype («iron deficiency») of obesity. There is convincing evidence of a pathogenetic link between iron deficiency and the presence of systemic inflammation associated with obesity. In order to prevent and correct deficiency conditions in women of reproductive age, treatment regimens using iron, folic acid, B12 or their combinations have been developed and introduced into practice.