Isolated Nonsyndromic Lateralized Overgrowth of Trunk and Upper Limb

Case Report A 15-year-old boy presented with enlargement of the right chest and hand compared to the opposite side [Figure 1]. On general examination, there was isolated hemihypertrophy of the right trunk and upper limb [Figure 2a and b] while the rest of the body was clinically normal. There were no features associated with any syndromic anomalies, and suggestions to investigate further were refused by the family.Figure 1: Hemihypertrophy of the right trunk and right upper limbFigure 2: (a) Overgrowth of the right forearm and hand (volar side), (b) Prominent knuckles and biceps muscle on the right sideDiscussion Isolated lateralized overgrowth also known as hemihypertrophy or hemihyperplasia was first described by Wagner in 1839.[1] It can be sporadic or congenital and can involve entire one-half of the body or specific isolated areas[2] (face – hemifacial hypertrophy). Although majority are asymptomatic, some are associated with syndromic conditions such as Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome, Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, Proteus syndrome, Russell–Silver syndrome, and Type 1 neurofibromatosis. Declaration of consent The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate consent forms, duly signed by the parent(s)/guardian(s) of the patient. In the form, the parent(s)/guardian(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for the images and other clinical information of their child to be reported in the journal. The parents understand that the names and initials of their child/children will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.