THE PROBLEM OF PRODUCING SHARPLY BENT ELBOWS FROM HEAT-RESISTANT STEELS

The article describes a sharp-bent elbow, its purpose, technical characteristics and parameters affecting the operational properties. Common types of elbows and methods of their manufacture are considered. A brief analysis of manufacturing methods is made. The optimal method for manufacturing sharp-bent elbows is determined, which is hot drawing on a horn-shaped core due to high productivity and minimal material waste. The essence of the hot drawing method on a horn-shaped core is described, a diagram of the process of manufacturing a sharp-bent elbow is given. A conditional diagram of the design of a horn-shaped core consisting of a shank, a guide, a transition, a deforming and a calibrating part is given. The problem of an enterprise that arises in the process of manufacturing sharp-bent elbows from heat-resistant steel and leads to premature failure of the equipment is described. Possible factors influencing the shaping process have been preliminarily determined, including: the material of the workpiece and core, temperature and force conditions, and the design and geometry of the core. The tasks have been formulated, the comprehensive solution of which can help eliminate the problem. To partially solve the problem of determining the optimal design and geometry of the horn-shaped core, a patent analysis of the existing tooling, prototypes, and utility models was performed, and a brief description is provided.