Data-Driven Decision-Making: Leveraging Digital Twins for Reprocessing in the Circular Factory

Abstract Circular factories must ensure the functionality and reliability of used components for recombination with other components or subsystems from the same or different product generations. This paper presents a data-driven decision-making framework integrating the Functional Behavior Model and System Reliability Model within a Digital Twin. Data from physical testing is continuously incorporated, simulating recombination scenarios and guiding decision-making on component reprocessing. An angle grinder is used as a case study for demonstration. The proposed framework enhances sustainability and supports the use of reprocessed components in products designed for primary markets.