Density-based solvent separation method for recycling mixed low-value plastic waste

Abstract The global plastic waste management faces significant challenges due to the increasing volume of mixed plastic waste streams. A systematic review of plastic waste separation technologies and characterization methods is essential to enhance recycling efficiency. This study examines separation technologies and quality validation methods for various plastic types through detailed analysis of operational parameters and industrial applications. The investigation focuses on both thermosetting plastics and thermoplastic materials including PP, ABS, PE and PS. The study implements multiple analytical characterization methods including Melt Flow Index (MFI), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and mechanical properties of the material. The findings suggest that systematic separation approaches based on material properties offer the most promising pathway toward sustainable plastic recycling solutions.