Adaptiveness, selection and nutritional value of clonal populations of <i>Allium sativum</i> L.ssp. <i>sativum </i>in the forest steppe of Ukraine

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of emergence and impact on the yield of weakened shoots of softneck forms of garlic and comprehensive study of the parameters of adaptive variability and selection value. During 2020–2022, nine local and introduced samples of garlic were studied in the field conditions. Research has established that the formation of a reduced flower-bearing shoot reduces the mass of the bulb by 7.6–31.1 %, and the yield by 6.1–38.6 %. The results indicate that the higher the relationship between the genetic and environmental coefficient of variation, the higher the heritability value. The following samples were selected as the starting material for further selection based on the yield: according to adaptability and ecological plasticity – Nos. ‘A.s.16/16’ and ‘A.s.44/17’; in terms of stability – Nos. ‘A.s.19/16’, ‘A.s.35/16’ and ‘A.s.43/17’ and samples of the intensive type – ‘A.s.16/16’, ‘A.s.27/16’, ‘A.s.33/16’ and ‘A.s.44/17’, which will ensure high yields in optimal cultivation conditions. The obtained data will serve as the basis for the selection research scheme in the conditions of introduction in Ukraine. As a result of the research, a working collection of raw material was created for the selection of garlic.