ISOLATION OF IRIDOIDS FROM VERBASCUM MARSCHALLIANUM

This article discusses the process of isolating iridoids from a plant of the genus Verbascum, of the Scrophulariaceae family, collected during the fruiting period in the Altai region of Kazakhstan, known for its unique chemical compounds and use in traditional medicine. Iridoids, which are secondary metabolites, have gained popularity due to their pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The paper describes solvent extraction methods and their effectiveness in extracting iridoids. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the obtained extracts were also performed using technologies such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This article not only provides practical recommendations for optimizing the extraction processes, but also discusses the biological activity of the isolated compounds, which opens up new horizons for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The results of the study highlight the importance of using Verbascum as a promising source of iridoids, which can contribute to the development of sustainable use of medicinal plants. As a result of the studies, the content of the plant iridoids complex was determined by extraction methods (maceration 80% EtOH, 72 hours, 1:8-9) and adsorption column chromatography with RP-18 from the plant of the genus Verbascum marschallianum. The quantitative content of iridoids is 1.10-2.39%. Using paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography, a qualitative analysis was carried out and a pure substance - lateroside - was isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure of the obtained individual substance was identified by modern physicochemical methods based on chemical transformations and the results of the studied IR, UV, 1H - NMR and 13C - NMR, mass spectrometry.