Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Retention Among Medical Laboratory Professionals in Somalia

Background: Job satisfaction among laboratory professionals is critical to healthcare quality and workforce retention in Somalia. Understanding job satisfaction factors is crucial for implementing targeted interventions to improve healthcare services. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing job satisfaction and retention among medical laboratory technologists in Somalia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving laboratory professionals in Mogadishu was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024. Structured questionnaires were used to gather the data. We used descriptive and logistic regression, such as binary and multivariate logistic regression, to identify the factors affecting job satisfaction. P-values <0.05 were considered significant. Results: This study revealed a range of job satisfaction levels, with 43.3% of respondents dissatisfied and 56.7% satisfied. Significant factors influencing job satisfaction included gender (AOR = 2.054, 95% CI: 1.095–3.855, P = 0.025), education level (AOR = 3.086, 95% CI: 0.607–15.699, P = 0.036), years of experience (AOR = 5.894, 95% CI: 1.618–21.475, P = 0.001), facility level (AOR = 0.692, 95% CI: 0.364– 1.316, P = 0.041), professional development (AOR = 2.374, 95% CI: 1.467–3.842, P = 0.003), management appreciation (AOR = 1.699, 95% CI: 1.011–2.855, P = 0.045), and vacation time (AOR = 1.972, 95% CI: 1.165–3.192, P = 0.011). Conclusion: This study’s results underscore the need for targeted interventions to address job dissatisfaction among laboratory professionals in Somalia. Recommendations include implementing gender-sensitive policies to promote equality, enhancing professional development programs to foster career growth, and improving management recognition and support to create a more conducive work environment and boost job satisfaction.