Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Testicular Tuberculosis and Schistosomiasis in Endemic Regions

Infections caused by specific pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch’s bacillus) and Schistosoma spp. remain major public health concerns in many regions of the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. Testicular involvement is rare and presents a diagnostic challenge, often mimicking neoplastic processes. We report two cases of testicular tuberculosis and schistosomiasis, both presenting clinically as testicular masses.