Exercise Improves High-Fat Diet-Induced Transcriptomic Profile in Perirenal Adipose Tissue

Perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease.PRAT also regulates kidney function and whole body metabolism, highlighting its potential value as a therapeutic target.However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of PRAT regulation in obesity remain largely unknown.In this study, we utilized a public microarray dataset (GSE15822) to identify novel pathways and target genes in PRAT.Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by comparing PRAT from high-fat diet (HFD)-fed and normal chow diet (NCD)-fed mice.Then, DEG enrichment in Gene Ontology (GO) functions and KEGG pathways was evaluated.Results showed that HFD upregulated pathways related to inflammation and fibrosis, whereas thermogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were suppressed.Next, genes involved in inflammatory responses (Lcn2, Ccl7, P2rx4, Casp1, Txnip, Tnf), fibrosis (Col3a1, Sparc, Tgf1, Mmp12), serotonin signaling (Tph2), thermogenesis (Adrb3, Cidea, Rxr), adipogenesis/fatty acid metabolism (Elovl6, Acaca, Adipogenin, Hsl), and peroxisomal activity (Prxmp2, Pex11a, Pex6) were measured in PRAT from HFD-fed mice with or without exercise intervention to determine the extent to which physical activity mitigates the effects of obesity on PRAT.The results showed that exercise intervention reversed HFD-induced gene expression changes in PRAT.In conclusion, this study highlights the critical role of PRAT in metabolic regulation and underscores the therapeutic potential of exercise in counteracting HFD-induced PRAT dysregulation.