Design and Analysis of an Online and Offline Wide-Area Control System With Limited Generators

The objective of this work is to compare the performances of online and offline wide-area control system designs by considering the limited number of generators. The design of the controller feedback gain matrix in both techniques is achieved by the state feedback control technique. Both designs are implemented with a limited number of generators. However, the required structure of the feedback gain matrix in offline mode can be accomplished by using the structurally constrained H2-norm optimization. On the other hand, the required gain matrix in online mode can be designed with the help of a real-time control input matrix, right and left eigenvectors. The phasor measurement units (PMUs) data is used in both designs. Both the state vector and the feedback gain matrix are computed in real-time in online mode. Whereas in offline mode, only the state vector is obtained from PMU measurements and the feedback gain matrix can be designed with the help of available offline data of a particular test system. The merits and demerits of both designs are explained in detail by considering different aspects. The comparison of the performances of both designs is illustrated in MATLAB/Simulink environment by considering the IEEE-68 bus test system.